Úvod
Tato sekce obsahuje materiály k oběma částem dvousemestrálního volitelného semináře North American Poetry 1945 - 2002. Pod názvy příslušných básnických uskupení najdete stručnou teoretickou charakteristiku hnutí, pár slov k autorům, případně krátké praktické rozbory předepsaných básní.
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Americká poezie po r. 1945
(1.1) New Critics and Academic Poets
Note on Terms
- American Postmodernist Literature = a term for all writing after Modernism
- American Postmodernist Poetry = a term for all poetry written after the year 1945
New Critics
- mostly...
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(1.2) San Francisco Poets and the Beats
San Francisco Poets
- San Francisco Bay area becomes the seat of avant-garde arts, including dance, theatre, literature, etc.
- the former cultural centres of New York and Boston are left by writers...
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(1.3) Transitional Poets of 1950s and 1960s
Adrienne Rich (b. 1929)
- began with writing personal poetry
- in her early stage a conservative formalist poet
- wrote in the tradition of John Donne, W. B. Yeats, and Robert Frost
- later shifted...
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(1.4) Confessional Poetry
- the most influential poetry movement after 1945, prominent in late 1950s and beyond
- Confessionalism was represented in history by the ancient Greek poet Sappho, St Augustine's Confessions (398),...
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(1.5) New York School
- a loose group of the New York avant-garde pictorial artists, musicians, and poets prominent from 1950s to mid-1960s
- rebelled against the Academic Formalism and the impersonality of T. S. Eliot's...
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(1.6) Deep Image School
- the movement rebelled against the Formalist poetry and was prominent between 1950s and 1960s
- anticipated by such poems as Adrienne Rich's "Diving into the Wreck"
- centred the poems around deep...
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(1.7) Feminist Poetry
- there has been a lack of a continuous tradition of women's poetry until 1950s or 1960s
- female poets who managed to publish were viewed as a rarity: Anne Bradstreet in the 17th, Phyllis Wheatley...
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(1.8) The New Romantics: Successors of Confessional and Deep Image Schools
Stanley Kunitz (1905 - 2006)
- an American poet of Jewish origin, kept on writing and publishing until his nineties, lived to his hundredth birthday
- became probably the most influential...
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(2.1) Experimental Language Poetry
Situation in 1970s
- 1950s-60s: Academic poets writing formally precise shorter lyrics stop being mainstream
(a) domination of the ‘workshop lyric’, easy-to-write free verse poetry in the...
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(2.2) New Formalist Poetry
Principles
- reacts against the mainstream poetry with its open forms, free verse, and melancholy tone
- revives rhyme, metre, and the tradition of narrative poetry
- pioneers use of the narrative in...
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